1 Introduction 2 Looking Back: The Development of Taiwanese Opera during the Qing Dynasty and Japanese Period 3 The Show is On: Analyzing the Operatic Activities of the Visiting Chinese Troupes in Taiwan 4 The Modern Troupes: The Organization and Operation of the Visiting Chinese Troupes 5 The Novel Presentation: Artistic Features of the Visiting Chinese Troupes 6 Deep Impact: The Visiting Chinese Troupes’ Influence on Taiwanese Operatic Development 7 Conclusion