Table of Contents 04 Reading Penghu Landscape 14 location, and original place name 16 basalt, rock type, occurrence, characters and distribution of basalt 20 eruptions of different time, characteristics of magma, and rock evolution 22 strata, age of basaltic r ocks 26 Penghu Formation 28 inter-tidal zone, tide difference 30 external process (endogenesis, exogenesis) 32 The main basaltic l andscapes of the a rchipelago can be classified into four types 34 joint, column joint 36 The flat mesa-like basalt 38 sea level change 40 weathering process, weathered landform, spherical weathering 42 Red soil, and soil 44 coastal erosion landform, sea cliff, sea cave 46 difference weathering, Maokon rock. 48 deposition landscape 50 inter-tidal zone, tidal difference, and tombolo 52 Island ecology 54 Marine resources 58 plant resources, indicator plants 60 Bird ecology, bird-watching 62 stone fishing weirs, and their distribution and maintenance 64 Lao-gu shi (coral rocks/stones), architecture, wind breakers for vegetable gardens 66 archeological sites, brief history of Penghu 70 Hsiaomen Geosite 76 weathering profile of Dagoyeh 78 flame structure 80 Columnar joints of Dagouyeh 84 Kueibishan geosite 86 Cheyu (red islet), differential weathering, and ultrabasic olivine 90 nature reserve, the Nature Reserve of Penghu 92 geopark, Penghu Marine Geopark, the core values of geoparks