內容簡介
「美國憲法／基本原則與案例」一書之編纂，係為提供基礎英美法教學與學習之用，內容包括「聯邦司法權」（Federal Judicial Power）、「聯邦立法權」（Federal Legislative Power）、「聯邦行政權」（Federal Executive Power）、「聯邦主義及憲法增修條文第10條」（Federalism and the Tenth Amendment）、「人權法案及內戰後增修條文」（The Bill of Rights and the Civil War Amendments）、「法律正當程序」（Due Process of Law）、「法律平等保護原則」（Equal Protection of the Laws）、「言論自由」（Freedom of Speech）、「結社自由及新聞自由」（Freedom of Association and Press）及「宗教自由」（Freedom of Religion）等。
本書之各章節內容主要分為兩大部分，即相關基本原則摘要及重要案例選錄。原則摘要部分為便於入門瞭解，係以中文為之，協助讀者建立對美國憲法之架構性認識，案例部分則係針對章節主題進行節錄編輯，期能協助讀者在具備基本原則認識的前提下，進行實際判決之深入研讀，除理解英美法之相關法律原理原則外，並能學習增進法理論證之能力。
作者介紹
姚思遠
東吳大學法學院教授
愛荷華大學法學博士
美國加州律師
范秀羽
東吳大學法學院副教授
加州大學柏克萊分校法學博士
美國紐約州律師／中華民國律師
李劍非
理律法律事務所初級合夥人
哈佛大學法學碩士
東吳大學法學院講師
目次
Introduction 1
Chapter 1. Federal Judicial Power 3
Section 1. Judicial Review 3
MARBURY v. MADISON 4
Section 2. Constitutional Interpretation 13
McCULLOCH v. MARYLAND 14
Section 3. Limits on Judicial Review: Political Questions 23
BAKER v. CARR 25
NIXON v. UNITED STATES 29
Section 4. Limits on Judicial Review: Standing 32
ALLEN v. WRIGHT 33
LUJAN v. DEFENDERS OF WILDLIFE 41
Chapter 2. Federal Legislative Power 53
Section 1. The Commerce Clause 53
GIBBONS v. OGDEN 55
WICKARD v. FILBURN 57
UNITED STATES v. LOPEZ 60
UNITED STATES v. MORRISON 70
GONZALES v. RAICH 78
Section 2. Taxing and Spending Powers 91
UNITED STATES v. BUTLER 92
SABRI v. UNITED STATES 95
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF INDEPENDENT BUSINESS v. SEBELIUS 99
BAILEY v. DREXEL FURNITURE CO. 113
Section 3. Necessary and Proper Clause 119
UNITED STATES v. COMSTOCK 120
Chapter 3. Federal Executive Power 137
Section 1. Inherent Presidential Power 137
YOUNGSTOWN SHEET & TUBE CO. v. SAWYER 137
Section 2. Congress’ Delegation 147
A. L. A. SCHECHTER POULTRY CORP. v. UNITED STATES 149
PANAMA REFINING CO. v. RYAN 152
IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE v. CHADHA 160
KING v. BURWELL 169
Section 3. War and Foreign Affairs 186
UNITED STATES v. CURTISS-WRIGHT EXPORT CORP. 186
HAMDI v. RUMSFELD 189
Section 4. Executive Privilege 202
UNITED STATES v. NIXON 203
Section 5. Presidential Immunity 208
NIXON v. FITZGERALD 208
CLINTON v. JONES 212
Chapter 4. Federalism and the Tenth Amendment 219
Section 1. The Tenth Amendment 219
UNITED STATES v. DARBY 220
GARCIA v. SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN TRANSIT AUTHORITY 223
NEW YORK v. UNITED STATES 239
Section 2. Conditions on Grants to State Governments 253
SOUTH DAKOTA v. DOLE 254
Chapter 5. The Bill of Rights and the Civil War Amendments 263
Section 1. Bill of Rights 264
Section 2. The Civil War Amendments 266
UNITED STATES v. STANLEY (THE CIVIL RIGHTS CASES) 267
Section 3. The Incorporation of the Bill of Rights 275
PALKO v. CONNECTICUT 276
DUNCAN v. LOUISIANA 278
Chapter 6. Due Process of Law 285
Section 1. Procedural Due Process 285
GOLDBERG v. KELLY 286
CLEVELAND BOARD OF EDUCATION v. LOUDERMILL 290
MATHEWS v. ELDRIDGE 293
Section 2. Substantive Due Process: Non-Fundamental Rights 299
LOCHNER v. NEW YORK 301
WILLIAMSON v. LEE OPTICAL CO. 307
KELO v. CITY OF NEW LONDON 310
KOONTZ v. ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT 320
ALLIED STRUCTURAL STEEL CO. v. SPANNAUS 328
KAHLER v. KANSAS 334
Section 3. Substantive Due Process: Privacy 340
GRISWOLD v. CONNECTICUT 343
ROE v. WADE 349
PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF SOUTHEASTRN PA. v. CASEY 354
WHOLE WOMAN’S HEALTH v. HELLERSTEDT 369
JUNE MEDICAL SERVICES LLC v. RUSSO 377
LAWRENCE v. TEXAS 380
OBERGEFELL v. HODGES 389
WASHINGTON v. GLUCKSBERG 407
Chapter 7. Equal Protection of the Laws 417
Section 1. Introduction 417
Section 2. Economic and Social Laws—The “Mere Rationality” Test 417
U.S. RAILROAD RETIREMENT BD. v. FRITZ 418
Section 3. Suspect Classifications: Race 425
1. The Unconstitutionality of Racial Segregation 425
BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION 426
2. Racially Discriminatory Purpose and Effect 430
WASHINGTON v. DAVIS 430
3. Affirmative Action and Race Preferences 437
GRUTTER v. BOLLINGER 438
FISHER v. UNIVERSITY OF TAXAS AT AUSTIN (FISHER I) 446
FISHER v. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN (FISHER II) 449
RICHMOND v. J.A. CROSON CO. 456
Section 4. Suspect Classification: National Origin 470
KOREMATSU v. UNITED STATES 470
Section 5. Suspect Classification: Alienage 475
PLYLER v. DOE 476
Section 6. Other Classifications 480
1. Gender and Illegitimacy 481
CRAIG v. BOREN 481
UNITED STATES v. VIRGINIA 486
2. Disability, Age and Wealth 497
CLEBURNE v. CLEBURNE LIVING CENTER, INC. 497
3. Sexual Orientation 506
ROMER v. EVANS 507
Section 7. Fundamental Rights 516
REYNOLDS v. SIMS 517
M.L.B. v. S.L.J. 522
Chapter 8. Freedom of Speech 529
Section 1. Introduction 529
UNITED STATES v. STEVENS 530
Section 2. Advocacy of Imminent Lawless Action 535
BRANDENBURG v. OHIO 535
Section 3. Fighting Words and Hostile Audiences 537
COHEN v. CALIFORNIA 538
Section 4. Injury to Reputation and Sensibility 541
1. Libel 541
NEW YORK TIMES CO. v. SULLIVAN 542
2. Tortious Speech 548
SNYDER v. PHELPS 549
3. Hate Speech 557
VIRGINIA v. BLACK 557
Section 5. Obscenity 564
MILLER v. CALIFORNIA 565
GINSBERG v. NEW YORK 569
Section 6. Commercial Speech 574
44 LIQUORMART, INC. v. RHODE ISLAND 575
Section 7. Different Standards of Review for Content-Based and Content-Neutral Regulations 584
UNITED STATES v. O’BRIEN 585
TEXAS v. JOHNSON 591
MATAL v. TAM 598
IANCU v. BRUNETTI 603
Section 8. Regulation of Political Contribution, Expenditure, and Activity 607
CITIZENS UNITED v. FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION 607
Chapter 9. Freedom of Association and Press 617
Section 1. Freedom of Association 617
NAACP v. ALABAMA 617
Section 2. Freedom of Press 621
NEW YORK TIMES CO. v. UNITED STATES 622
BRANZBURG v. HAYES 630
Chapter 10. Freedom of Religion 637
Section 1. The Establishment Clause 637
EDWARDS v. AGUILLARD 638
ZELMAN v. SIMMONS-HARRIS 644
Section 2. The Free Exercise of Religion 654
CHURCH OF THE LUKUMI BABALU AYE v. CITY OF HIALEAH 655
EMPLOYMENT DIVISION, DEPT. OF HUMAN RESOURCES v. SMITH 660
Appendix 669
The Constitution of the United States 669
